Bronchoscopy involves the introduction of a bronchoscope into the airways. The procedure is done under loco-regional anaesthesia in a procedure room. It is required for internal inspection of the respiratory tract and to obtain biopsies and other materials from the diseased parts. Important procedures commonly done with bronchoscopy include taking pieces of any growth or tumour in the airway for diagnostic purposes (endobronchial biopsy – EBB), taking pieces of lung tissue (trans-bronchial lung biopsy – TBLB) and taking samples from abnormally enlarged lymph nodes (trans-bronchial needle aspiration –TBNA).

Bronchoscopy is especially required for the management of diseases such as lung cancer, sarcoidosis, interstitial lung diseases